How To Learn Animal Kingdom Biology Sat 2

The Animal Kingdom constitutes a major part of biodiversity, hence it is vital to study what the group entails. Class xi biology syllabus contains a very interesting affiliate named the Animal Kingdom which elucidates in particular the organisation of the unabridged animal kingdom. Understanding this affiliate is important as questions based on this topic are often a function of competitive exams . Realising the importance of the chapter, here we are to help you with simplified notes on the creature kingdom class 11.

This Web log Includes:

Basis of Nomenclature
1. Levels of Organisation
2. Symmetry
3. Diploblastic and Triploblastic Organisation
4. Division
Classification of Animals
Porifera
Coelenterata
Ctenophora
Platyhelminthes
Aschelminthes
Annelida
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Echinodermata
Hemichordata
Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
1. Cyclostomata
2. Chondrichthyes
3. Osteichthyes
4. Amphibia
Reptilia
Aves
Mammalia
NCERT Questions

Footing of Classification

Equally per the affiliate, some of the bases of classification are mentioned below:

Levels of Organisation

All members of Animalia are multicellular. However, the jail cell organisation is unlike in different organisms. In some organisms similar sponges, cells are arranged in loose cell aggregates. This is called the cellular level of the organisation. A college level is tissue level of arrangement where the cells performing the same functions are grouped together in a tissue. A still college level is the organ level where similar operation tissues are grouped together into an organ.

Symmetry

Asymmetrical organisms are those that are not divided into two equal halves if a plane passes through the center. A skilful example is sponges. When a airplane divides an organism into two identical halves, it is called radial symmetry, such as in Coelenterates. Bilateral symmetry is seen when the body tin exist divided into ii identical halves in simply one plane, such as crabs.

Diploblastic and Triploblastic System

When cells are bundled in two embryonic layers, information technology is called Diploblastic. For Example: Coelenterates. Animals that accept a third germinal layer called mesoderm are called Triploblastic, for example, Chordates.

Segmentation

This occurs in some animals where the body is internally and externally divided into segments which are a repetition of some organs. In earthworms, this is called metameric partitioning.

Nomenclature of Animals

The Animal Kingdom class 11 affiliate discloses the nomenclature of animals at various levels. Based on different characteristics, the fauna kingdom is further classified into different species. Let united states of america have a expect at it-

At present that y'all are familiar of basic classification of animals, mentioned below are the various types of species in which brute kingdom is divided-

Porifera

Sponges belong to this phylum. These are very archaic organisms that take a cellular level of arrangement. In that location is a skeleton made of spicules or spongin fibres. Eggs and sperms are produced by the same individual (hermaphrodite), and reproduction is asexual.

Coelenterata

Also known as Cnidaria, these are mostly aquatic animals with radial symmetry. They have tissue level of system and are diploblastic. They have a central gastro-vascular cavity with a single opening. There are two main body forms – Polyp and Medusa. Polyps are cylindrical in shape like Hydra whereas, medusae are umbrella-shaped like jellyfish (Aurelia).

Ctenophora

As mentioned in animal kingdom grade 11 chapter, Ctenophora are marine creatures that are diploblastic and radially symmetrical. Bioluminescence is a common feature among them. Reproduction is sexual. Eight rows of ciliated comb plates back up the body. This is why they are normally known every bit rummage jellies or sea walnuts.

Platyhelminthes

They are usually called flatworms and live inside other organisms. They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and accept organ level of organisation. They blot nutrients direct from the host. They are hermaphrodites, and reproduction is asexual.

Aschelminthes

They are called roundworms. They can be aquatic or terrestrial. They can exist parasitic and have organ level of system. They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic. The alimentary canal has a muscular larynx. Sexes are carve up.

Annelida

They can exist aquatic or terrestrial, free-living or parasitic. Co-ordinate to creature kingdom course xi, they are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic. Their body is marked into distinct sections or metameres. For Case: Earthworms.

Arthropoda

This is the largest phylum. Insects belong to this phylum. They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and have organ level of organisation. A chitinous exoskeleton covers the torso. They accept a head, thorax, abdomen and jointed appendages.

Mollusca

The animal kingdom course 11 chapter states that, Mollusca is the 2nd-largest phylum in the animal kingdom. They tin exist aquatic or terrestrial and have an organ level of organisation. They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and coelomate animals. There is a calcareous trounce covering the torso which has a head, muscular anxiety and a visceral hump. For Example: Octopus, oysters, squids.

Echinodermata

Animals belonging to this category are called Echinodermata considering of their endoskeleton of calcareous ossicles. These marine animals are radially symmetrical, triploblastic, and coelomate with organ level of arrangement. There is a distinct h2o vascular arrangement which helps in movement, send of nutrient and respiration. Sexes are separate, and reproduction is sexual. Examples include starfish and bounding main urchin.

Hemichordata

Derived from the animate being kingdom class eleven chapter, this phylum has some worm-like marine animals. They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and coelomate animals and have an organ level of organisation. The body is cylindrical and includes an inductive proboscis, a neckband and a long trunk. There is an open up circulatory system and respiration is through gills.

Chordata

Animals belonging to this phylum take a notochord, a hollow dorsal nerve cord and gill slits. They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and coelomate animals and have an organ level of organisation. They have a tail and closed circulatory arrangement.

Subphylum Vertebrata

As we move farther with the chapter animal kingdom class 11, one of the well-nigh important subphyla in Chordata. In that location are several classes within subphylum Vertebrata. The further bifurcation of the subphylum vertebrate is given below-

Cyclostomata

They have no jaw and take a circular oral fissure for sucking. Mostly fishes and ectoparasites belong to this class. For respiration, there are 6-15 pairs of gill slits. Nevertheless, the trunk is devoid of scales and fins. The cranium and vertebrae are made of cartilage.

Chondrichthyes

These marine animals have a cartilaginous endoskeleton. There are gills along with a notochord. The skin is tough and has placoid scales. They are common cold-blooded (poikilothermous) animals. For Example: stingray and Nifty white shark.

Osteichthyes

This includes marine and freshwater fishes that have a bony exoskeleton. as per animal kingdom class 11 chapter, Osteichthyes accept iv pairs of gills. The pare has cycloid scales. There is an air bladder present to maintain buoyancy. The heart has ii chambers and they are cold-blooded. Seahorse and flying fish are examples.

Amphibia

They can survive on land and in h2o. Well-nigh have two pairs of limbs with a caput and trunk. Respiration happens through gills, lungs and skin. For Examples toad, salamander, and tree frog.

Reptilia

The animals belonging to this category are chosen so because these animals clamber to send themselves. They are by and large terrestrial just can alive in h2o too. Their dry cornified skin has difficult scales. Their hearts have 3 chambers usually but can have iv chambers besides, as in crocodiles. For Example: Lizards, Chameleons and Snakes.

Aves

The Aves majorly comprises of birds and likely species as mentioned in the animal kingdom class eleven chapter. Birds have feathers and well-nigh can fly. They have a beak, lungs and their forelimbs are wings. The endoskeleton is bony and there are air cavities within the hollow bones. They are warm-blooded (homoiothermic) animals.

Mammalia

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Mammals can live in a variety of climates and habitats. Some can fly while others tin can alive in water but nearly are terrestrial. Mammals have mammary glands that produce the milk used to feed their offspring. Their skin has hair and external ears or pinnae are nowadays. The jaw has unlike types of teeth. Examples include Dog, Kangaroo, Platypus, Rat, Elephant, Tiger, etc.

NCERT Questions

To check your progress, let'south answer a few NCERT questions.

What are the difficulties that you would face in nomenclature of animals, if common fundamental features are not taken into business relationship?

Ans. It is known that animals are classified on the footing of common features. These features include cell system, torso symmetry, nature of coelom, digestive tract, apportionment or reproductive system. Hence, the difficulties faced in classification if common features are non taken into account would be in

Treating each organism individually
Tracing of interdependence among various animals
Identifying new species of animals

2. If you are given a specimen, what are the steps that you would follow to classify it?

Ans. Listed below are the steps to classify the specimen are:

Classify the arrangement of cells in cellular and tissue level arrangement
Classify the organism as radial or bilateral symmetry.
Classify Diploblastic or triploblastic organization
Presence or absenteeism of body crenel
Blazon of coelom development
Classify segmentation
Differentiate the presence or absence of notochord.

3. Distinguish between intracellular and extracellular digestion?

Ans.:

Intracellular digestion	Extracellular digestion
It occurs in lower organisms	Occurs in multicellular organisms
Occurs within cells with a few associated enzymes.	Occurs within cavity of the comestible culvert, exterior the cell with a large number of associated enzymes.

5. What is the departure between direct and indirect development?

Ans.

Direct development	Indirect evolution
Fundamental in fish, reptile birds and mammals	Occurs in in vertebrate amphibians
The embryo develops into a well-grown individual without involving in a larval stage.	It involves a sexually immature larval stage

half dozen. What are the peculiar features that you detect in parasitic platyhelminthes?

Ans : Some of the peculiar features of the parasitic Platyhelminthes are:

They are free-living parasitic forms and mostly hermaphrodites
The body organization observed is of tissue organ grade
Three-layered trunk wall – epidermis (outer covering) is often ciliate and covered with cuticles.
Digestive tract is incomplete or absent
The presence of well-defined excretory structures, such as flame cells.

vii. How important is the presence of air bladder in Pisces?

Ans. The presence of air bladder in Pisces is responsible for regulating Buoyancy. This helps in preventing fishes from sinking.

Hopefully, through our notes on fauna kingdom form 11 chapter, we have helped y'all understand the topic in a detailed manner. Our career experts at Leverage Edu are here to aid you in choosing the right career path and getting started on information technology. Bustle Up! Book an e-meeting at present!

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